Định kiến giới trong lĩnh vực STEM: các bằng chứng từ nghiên cứu đã công bố ở Trung Quốc và Nhật Bản

Tóm tắt

A growing body of international research has examined gender participation in STEM fields, indicating that learning processes, academic performance, and career choices are influenced by multiple factors, notably gender stereotypes, gender bias, and attitudes toward gender equality. This article conducts a selective review of empirical studies from several Asian countries with socio-cultural contexts similar to Vietnam to analyze the impact of gender bias in STEM more deeply. The findings reveal persistent disparities between men and women in accessing and pursuing STEM pathways. Gender bias, shaped by family, school, community norms, and individual perceptions, negatively affects learners’ performance, confidence, career orientation, and development opportunities, with women disproportionately disadvantaged. Synthesizing these findings helps identify hidden barriers, research gaps, and policy implications. The conclusions offer valuable reference points for Vietnam and other Asian countries in designing strategies to eliminate gender bias in STEM education, thereby promoting gender equality and strengthening the scientific-technological workforce required for the knowledge economy and digital transformation.