Xây dựng hệ thống bài tập dạy từ và câu nhằm phát triển tư duy phản biện cho học sinh trong dạy học môn Tiếng Việt 4

Tóm tắt

Teaching vocabulary and sentences in Vietnamese Language Grade 4 has clear potential in developing critical thinking skills in students through activities that use language in context. However, the current system of exercises tends to focus on identifying and reproducing knowledge, and does not adequately emphasize the requirements of explanation, evaluation, and critical thinking. This article investigates the development of critical thinking skills for Grade 4 students through a system of exercises in teaching vocabulary and sentence structures in Vietnamese Language (Grade 4). Based on theoretical and practical analyses, the study indicates that the current system of exercises mainly focuses on recognition and knowledge reproduction, with limited emphasis on explanation and evaluation. Accordingly, the article proposes principles and constructs an exercise system comprising six types: identification; comparison; selection and justification; error detection and critique; reconstruction; and contextual application. The findings contribute to orienting the innovation of teaching vocabulary and sentence structures toward developing students’ critical thinking and language competence in primary education.