Tiếng ồn trắng và giấc ngủ, lo âu, stress ở người trưởng thành: Một nghiên cứu tổng quan

Tóm tắt

Currently, psychological stress and sleep disorders are increasing and becoming a significant public health concern; therefore, research on sleep, anxiety, and stress is particularly necessary.  This paper synthesizes 20 studies selected through a screening process from scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using a systematic review approach following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The study aims to systematize the most recent evidence on the effects of white noise on three key aspects of mental health in adults, including sleep, anxiety, and stress. The results indicate a consistent improvement in sleep quality, particularly in environments with high levels of ambient noise. Regarding anxiety, findings suggest a promising trend of improvement; however, the evidence remains limited and inconsistent. The effects of white noise on stress are still inconclusive across studies. These discrepancies may be related to variations in participant characteristics, sound intensity, and duration of intervention. Based on these findings, the paper proposes an integrated explanatory framework in which white noise is conceptualized as a tool for stabilizing the sensory environment, helping to reduce neural activation driven by the unpredictability of environmental sounds, thereby supporting improvements in sleep and psychological states.