Chuyển đổi từ khung năng lực tiếng Trung 6 bậc (HSK 2.0) sang khung 3 cấp - 9 bậc (HSK 3.0): đánh giá thay đổi và tác động đối với hoạt động dạy học tiếng Trung tại Việt Nam

Tóm tắt

Against the backdrop of increasing demands for standardized training quality and international integration, in 2021, the Ministry of Education of China released the “Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education” (HSK 3.0), marking a significant transition to replace the six-level HSK system (HSK 2.0), which had revealed limitations in classifying advanced proficiency. This shift poses a significant challenge for Chinese language education in Vietnam, as the HSK certificate plays a crucial role in assessing the proficiency of students and working professionals. This article analyzes the transition from the six-level framework to the three-level nine-band framework across three core dimensions: structure, vocabulary and skills, and assessment philosophy. The study reveals that HSK 3.0 not only increases differentiation with a 9-band system and integrates translation skills but also significantly raises requirements for vocabulary size and cultural knowledge. Furthermore, the article discusses the profound impacts of these changes on Chinese language teaching and learning in Vietnam, including curriculum restructuring, teaching method innovation, and assessment updates. Thereby, the research emphasizes the pivotal role of teachers in adapting to new standards to enhance training quality.