Đề xuất biện pháp phát triển năng lực tư duy phản biện cho học sinh lớp 12 trong dạy học viết văn bản nghị luận về một vấn đề có liên quan đến tuổi trẻ

Tóm tắt

Given the rapid development of science, technology, and artificial intelligence, general education should not only focus on equipping students with knowledge but also on developing independent thinking skills, ability to examine issues from multiple perspectives, and to defend viewpoints with logical arguments. For 12th-grade Literature, teaching argumentative essay writing on issues related to youth is an area with many favorable conditions for developing students’ critical thinking skills, as this type of essay relates to issues closely connected to their lives, perceptions, and social responsibilities. This article focuses on clarifying the theoretical basis of critical thinking skills and the characteristics of argumentative essays on issues related to youth; it also proposes several measures for organizing essay writing instruction to develop this skill for 12th-grade students. The research employs theoretical research methods, combined with analysis of the curriculum and teaching materials, to determine the basis for proposing these measures. The research findings offer reference for teachers in organizing competency-based argumentative essay writing lessons, thereby improving the quality of Literature teaching and supporting students in developing critical thinking in their studies and in life.