Sử dụng nguyên tắc “Phân nhỏ” và “Tách khỏi” của Altshuller trong dạy học giải bài toán hình học không gian ở Trung học phổ thông

Tóm tắt

In teaching spatial geometry in high school, many students encounter difficulties due to the characteristics of three-dimensional geometric thinking and the complexity of the relationships between geometric elements. This requires effective teaching methods to support students in approaching and solving problems logically and creatively. Using Altshuller's “Decomposition” and “Separation” principles in teaching is considered an effective tool to help students develop their analytical and creative thinking skills. The study proposes a process for using the “Decomposition” and “Separation” principles in teaching spatial geometry problems in high school and illustrates this process through solving some specific problems. To effectively use these two principles in teaching, teachers need to guide students in identifying problems, gradually separating complex elements and structuring problems in a simpler way; at the same time, supporting the process of students' self-discovery and problem solving.