Hoạt động hướng nghiệp và phân luồng học sinh: Nghiên cứu thực trạng tại các trường trung học cơ sở trên địa bàn Thành phố Hà Nội

Tóm tắt

This study aims to assess the current state of career guidance and student streaming activities in lower secondary schools. It employs sociological statistical methods and questionnaire surveys. The survey respondents were 540 administrators and teachers from 38 lower secondary schools located in various wards and communes of Hanoi City, selected via convenience sampling. The survey results indicate that 100% of the lower secondary schools in Hanoi have developed career education programs and have teachers concurrently responsible for career counseling and student streaming. The majority of teachers have selected career guidance content appropriate to the specific characteristics of the lower secondary level. Activities such as field trips and experiential visits to production and business facilities, along with career counseling sessions conducted by experts, were found to be more effective than integrated approaches within subjects, flag-raising ceremonies, or homeroom activities. However, organizing activities, as well as mobilizing and coordinating educational forces in career guidance work, pose greater difficulties and limitations compared to the cognitive awareness and professional competencies of the teaching staff. Based on the aforementioned findings, several directions for solutions are suggested to enhance the effectiveness of career guidance and student streaming in lower secondary schools in Hanoi City in the current context.