Khó khăn của học sinh yếu kém môn Toán đối với bài toán thực tiễn: Nghiên cứu tại một số trường trung học phổ thông ở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

Tóm tắt

Practical problems play a crucial role in developing mathematical modeling skills for students in the 2018 General Education Mathematics Curriculum. However, low-achieving students often face difficulties in approaching these problems due to limitations in foundational knowledge, information processing abilities, and psychological barriers to learning. This study used a mixed-method approach on 52 weak mathematics students at two high schools in Ho Chi Minh City. Based on the results obtained, the paper proposes three pedagogical approaches: supporting students in identifying and connecting information in practical problems; supporting the establishment of mathematical models through visualization and cooperative learning; and building a psychologically safe learning environment based on a culture of learning from mistakes. The results show that supporting weak students requires a simultaneous approach from both cognitive and psychological perspectives. This article contributes to broadening the perspective on the difficulties faced by academically weak students in solving practical problems, while also providing a basis for designing teaching methods to improve learning effectiveness and their participation in problem-solving.