Định hướng và kì vọng nghề nghiệp của sinh viên năm thứ nhất Trường Đại học Y Hà Nội giai đoạn 2019-2023

Tóm tắt

Career orientation among medical students plays an important role in shaping the structure and distribution of the health workforce in Vietnam. However, limited research has focused on first-year students, a critical stage when initial professional perceptions are formed. This study analyzed demographic characteristics, career orientation, and employment expectations of 5,548 first-year students at Hanoi Medical University during the period 2019–2023. A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed, retrospectively analyzing survey data from nine training programs. Trends over five years were examined, and differences between groups were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square test. The findings indicated a gradual increase in the proportion of students from urban areas over time. Most students reported satisfaction with their chosen major, although the lowest level of satisfaction was observed in the students of Public Health. Self-directed career planning and the use of online information sources significantly influenced career choices. Students of Dentistry tended to prefer working in private healthcare facilities, whereas General Medicine students expressed a preference for employment at centrallevel hospitals. The study provides practical evidence to support early career guidance initiatives and curriculum adjustments aligned with students’ expectations.